Material Safety Data Sheet – Isobutyl Chloride

Identification

Product Name: Isobutyl Chloride
Chemical Formula: C4H9Cl
CAS Number: 513-36-0
Synonyms: 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane, Isobutylchloride, 2-Methyl-1-chloropropane
Recommended Use: Organic synthesis, chemical intermediate, solvent
Restrictions on Use: Not for food, drug, or household use
Manufacturer Details: Includes contact number, address, and emergency phone
Emergency Overview: Clear, colorless liquid with a sharp, chloroform-like odor

Hazard Identification

Classification: Flammable liquid, acute toxicity (oral, inhalation), skin and eye irritation
GHS Label Elements: Flame, exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or comes in contact with skin. Causes skin and eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces. Use explosion-proof equipment. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye/face protection. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Potential Health Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact can defat skin. Inhalation can irritate respiratory tract or depress the central nervous system. Ingestion can result in nausea, vomiting, and central nervous system effects.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical: Isobutyl Chloride
Concentration: 98% or greater
Impurities: Trace hydrocarbons and chlorinated derivatives
Molecular Weight: 92.57 g/mol
Other Components: None of significant hazard or regulatory concern

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air without delay. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water. Seek immediate medical attention for irritation, redness, or burns.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes, occasionally lifting eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Seek prompt medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to dilute if conscious. Seek immediate medical attention.
Notes for Medical Personnel: Treat symptomatically. Monitor respiratory and cardiovascular functions. Risk of aspiration into lungs.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, alcohol-resistant foam
Hazards from Fire: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air. Containers may rupture from pressure build-up when exposed to excessive heat.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Special Precautions: Evacuate area and fight fire from a safe distance or upwind. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full-body firefighting gear and self-contained breathing apparatus. Avoid inhaling vapors and combustion products.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Ventilate area. Avoid inhalation, skin, or eye contact.
Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, protective clothing, and respirator if needed
Spill Cleanup: Stop leak if possible to do safely. Use inert absorbent material like sand or vermiculite. Collect in containers for disposal according to regulations.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, watercourses, or soil. Notify authorities if release causes environmental contamination.
Decontamination: Wash spill area with water after material pickup. Clean contaminated clothing and footwear before reuse.

Handling and Storage

Precautions for Safe Handling: Use only with adequate ventilation. Ground and bond containers to prevent static discharge. Avoid all sources of ignition. Avoid breathing vapors or spray mist. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Storage Conditions: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Store away from heat, sparks, strong oxidizers, acids, and alkalis. Protect from moisture.
Packaging Materials: Store in containers made of compatible materials such as glass, steel, or polyethylene. Clearly label storage containers.
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, strong acids, strong oxidizers, brass, aluminum, and other reactive metals
Fire Protection: Store in flammable liquid-approved containers. Use explosion-proof electrical fixtures within storage areas.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA or ACGIH limits; minimize exposure as possible
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or general room ventilation sufficient for most operations. Closed process systems preferred.
Personal Protective Equipment: Waterproof gloves, splash-proof safety goggles, impervious protective clothing
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirators if ventilation inadequate.
Workplace Hygiene Measures: Avoid eating, drinking, and smoking during use. Wash hands and exposed skin after contact.
Environmental Controls: Provide spill containment to protect water resources and soil from accidental leaks.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Sharp, chloroform-like, irritating
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -112°C
Boiling Point: 68°C
Flash Point: -10°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid, higher than ether
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Upper/Lower Flammability: Lower: 1.8% v/v, Upper: 9.4% v/v
Vapor Pressure: 235 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.2 (air=1)
Relative Density: 0.857 at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 2.11
Auto-ignition Temperature: 487°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not specified
Viscosity: Low, similar to light solvents

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal and recommended storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Prolonged exposure to heat, direct sunlight, open flames, ignition sources, moisture
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen chloride gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, phosgene
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with bases to form alcohols and salts. Violent reaction possible with alkali metals.

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Toxicity (LD50/LC50): Oral LD50 (rat): 866 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat, 4 hrs): approx. 20,000 mg/m3
Skin Irritation: Causes irritation, redness, dryness. Prolonged contact may result in chemical burns.
Eye Irritation: Causes pain, redness, tearing, possible corneal injury
Respiratory Effects: Excessive inhalation leads to throat irritation, coughing, dizziness, headache, nausea, CNS depression
Sensitization: Not proven in humans
Long-Term Effects: Repeated exposure may defat skin or cause dermatitis. No chronic toxicity data indicating carcinogenicity in typical handling.
Other Information: No known teratogenic, mutagenic, or reproductive hazards at relevant workplace exposure levels

Ecological Information

Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful to aquatic organisms at high concentration. May cause short-term damage to aquatic invertebrates and fish.
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate persistence in soil and water. Hydrolysis in the environment is slow.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Predicted to have moderate risk for bioaccumulation (log Kow 2.11)
Mobility in Soil: Mobile in soil due to moderate water solubility and low adsorption.
Other Ecological Effects: Not expected to damage the ozone layer. Large spills may contaminate soil or water resources if not contained.

Disposal Considerations

Product Disposal: Incineration in a licensed facility only. Do not pour into drains, watercourses, or soil. Destroy by high-temperature combustion.
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers should be thoroughly rinsed and disposed of under local hazardous waste regulations.
Waste Codes: Applicable EPA hazardous waste codes may apply (such as U056)
Local and National Regulations: Dispose of contents and container through a licensed waste disposal contractor. Follow all local, regional, and national environmental regulations.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN1127
UN Proper Shipping Name: Isobutyl chloride
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant; may contaminate surface water.
Transport Labels: Flammable liquid, toxic substance
Special Regulations: Keep away from food and feedstuffs. Emergency schedules and fire-fighting requirements apply during transport.
Special Precautions: Avoid shipping with strong oxidizers, acids, or foodstuffs.

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed on the Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
OSHA Hazards: Flammable liquid, acute toxic
SARA 302/304: Not listed as extremely hazardous; report releases over regulatory thresholds
SARA 313: Not subject to routine reporting, but workplace safety plan may require notification
California Proposition 65: Not listed
Other International Inventories: Listed on EINECS/ELINCS, DSL/NDSL, and other national inventories
Label Requirements: Clearly label all containers with hazard pictograms and signal words. Provide full hazard communication training to workers.