Material Safety Data Sheet: Hydrobromic Acid 33% Solution In Acetic Acid

Identification

Product Name: Hydrobromic Acid 33% Solution in Acetic Acid
Chemical Formula: HBr in CH₃COOH
Synonyms: HBr in Glacial Acetic Acid, Acetic Acid Hydrobromide Solution
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, industrial synthesis, chemical processing
Manufacturer: Provided by supplier or laboratory distributor
Emergency Contact: Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222, Local fire department, National Response Center 1-800-424-8802
Product Code: Reference specific batch or container
Contact Address: Refer to supplier information as listed on label
Issue Date: Reference current revision date on container

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Corrosive to metals, Skin Corr. 1A, Eye Dam. 1, Acute Tox. 4 (oral, inhalation)
Pictogram: Corrosive symbol (test tube over hand and metal), Exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage; Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; May cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye/face protection; Avoid breathing vapors, mist; Wash thoroughly after handling; Store locked up
Potential Health Effects: Contact leads to skin and eye burns; Inhalation can damage mucous membranes; Ingestion can erode gastrointestinal lining and be fatal in large doses
Emergency Overview: Pungent, harsh acidic odor, colorless to pale yellow liquid, corrosive to most tissues and metals

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Hydrobromic Acid: 33% by weight
Acetic Acid: 67% by weight
CAS Number—Hydrobromic Acid: 10035-10-6
CAS Number—Acetic Acid: 64-19-7
Impurities: Trace water, brominated organics under 0.05% by weight
Other Components: No significant non-disclosed ingredients present

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; Loosen clothing; Seek immediate medical attention if breathing difficulty persists; Rescue personnel should use self-contained breathing apparatus
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately; Flush affected skin with water for 20 minutes; Do not use neutralizing chemicals on skin unless directed by a physician
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes gently but thoroughly with water for at least 20 minutes, lifting eyelids as needed; Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; Get medical help quickly
Ingestion: If swallowed, rinse mouth; Do not induce vomiting; Give small amounts of water if conscious; Get medical attention immediately
General Advice: All exposures require overview by a medical professional to manage corrosive injuries

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: Avoid strong jets of water and do not use on burning metals
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen bromide gas, acetic acid vapors, carbon oxides, corrosive fumes
Special Protective Equipment: Full acid-resistant suit and self-contained breathing apparatus
Fire/Explosion Hazards: Acid reacts violently with bases and many organic materials, releases toxic and pungent gases under fire conditions
Firefighting Instructions: Approach from upwind, water spray to cool containers; Keep run-off out of water systems and drains

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Protection: Wear acid-resistant gloves, full-face protection, impervious clothing, chemical-resistant boots
Evacuation: Remove non-essential personnel from area; Restrict access
Spill Clean-up: Contain liquid using non-combustible absorbents like vermiculite, sand; Neutralize cautiously with sodium bicarbonate for small spills, avoid splashing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release to drains, sewers, surface or groundwater
Decontamination: Rinse area with large amounts of water after cleanup, collect residue for disposal
Ventilation: Ensure adequate airflow and use fume extraction if available

Handling and Storage

Handling: Only use in well-ventilated chemical fume hoods; Avoid direct contact; Never add water to acid—always add acid to water; Use non-sparking tools and acid-resistant equipment
Storage: Store tightly closed in corrosion-resistant containers; Keep away from bases, oxidizers, metals, and combustibles; Protect from sunlight, moisture, and temperature extremes
Incompatibilities: Avoid storing with cyanides, sulfides, strong bases, peroxides, chlorates, and finely powdered metals
Special Requirements: Emergency eye wash and safety shower should be accessible; Store in clearly labeled areas with secondary containment

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: Hydrobromic acid—PEL (OSHA): 3 mg/m³ ceiling; Acetic acid—PEL (OSHA): 10 ppm TWA
Engineering Controls: Chemical fume hood, local exhaust systems
Personal Protective Equipment: Acid-resistant gloves (nitrile or butyl rubber), full face shield and goggles, approved chemical-resistant apron, long sleeves, closed footwear
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved acid gas respirator in absence of adequate ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling, do not eat or drink around chemicals, remove contaminated clothing immediately

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Acidic, sharp, pungent
pH: Strongly acidic (below 1)
Boiling Point: Approx. 118°C (mixture)
Melting Point: Below -20°C (mixture, variable)
Flash Point: Acetic acid: 39°C (closed cup, HBr is not flammable but can accelerate combustion)
Vapor Pressure: 11-15 mmHg (20°C, mixture dependent on acetic acid concentration)
Solubility: Miscible with water; violent reaction
Density: Approx. 1.15 g/cm³ (20°C)
Vapor Density: >1 (air = 1)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid under ventilation
Viscosity: Low to moderate

Stability and Reactivity

Stability: Stable under standard, tightly closed storage and handling conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, reducing agents, oxidizers, cyanides, sulfides, finely divided metals, chlorates
Hazardous Decomposition: Releases hydrogen bromide (toxic fumes), acetic vapor, carbon oxides
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: Contact with water, extreme temperatures, exposure to metals or bases, high humidity

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Hydrobromic acid oral LD₅₀ (rat): 2,140 mg/kg; acetic acid oral LD₅₀ (rat): 3,310 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Severe burns, possible scarring
Eye Damage/Irritation: Immediate pain, potential blindness, deep burns
Inhalation Effects: Burns to respiratory tract, coughing, wheezing, pulmonary edema
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure may cause dental erosion, chronic respiratory inflammation, dermatitis
Sensitization: Not reported for HBr or acetic acid under routine lab conditions
Carcinogenicity: Neither hydrobromic acid nor acetic acid are listed as human carcinogens

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Hydrobromic acid LC₅₀ (fish, 96h): 62 mg/L; Acetic acid LC₅₀ (fish, 96h): 75 mg/L
Environmental Fate: Rapid pH drops in water, toxic for aquatic life especially at higher concentrations
Mobility: Highly soluble and mobile in water
Persistence and Degradability: Acetic acid readily biodegrades; HBr acidifies water and soil, not persistent but causes environmental harm upon release
Bioaccumulation: Potential very low; both components do not tend to accumulate in the food chain
Special Precautions: Prevent chemical from entering soils, waterways, or drains; neutralize spills before disposal

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Collect and contain material; Neutralize with suitable alkaline agents; Dispose of through licensed hazardous waste processor
Container Disposal: Rinse three times with neutralizing solution, then destroy container as hazardous waste
Regulatory Disposal: Follow local, state, and federal environmental regulations for disposal
Avoid: Release into the environment, landfill, or municipal drains without treatment

Transport Information

UN Number: 1788
Proper Shipping Name: Hydrobromic Acid Solution
Shipping Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Label Requirements: Corrosive pictogram, UN 1788, Emergency contact
Hazardous By Air: Not allowed or restricted under IATA; special packaging required
Transport Precautions: Keep upright in tightly closed, corrosion-resistant containers, segregate from incompatible goods, document with SDS during shipment

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Classified as hazardous—employers must train handlers
TSCA: Both hydrobromic acid and acetic acid listed
SARA Title III: Hydrobromic acid—section 302 acute hazard, section 311, 312 hazard categories
REACH (EU): Listed, restricted for general sales, subject to specific handling and reporting
WHMIS (Canada): Class E corrosive product
California Prop 65: Not listed for cancer or reproductive toxicity
Other National Regulation: Check local codes or national chemical inventory listing for storage and transportation thresholds
Employee Protection: Ensure workplace safety data is up to date, provide access to MSDS at job site