Material Safety Data Sheet for Allyl Bromide

Identification

Product Name: Allyl Bromide
Chemical Formula: C3H5Br
CAS Number: 106-95-6
EC Number: 203-446-6
Synonyms: 3-Bromopropene; 1-Bromo-2-propene
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, synthetic intermediate
Manufacturer/Supplier: Chemical supply companies, bulk industrial chemical producers
Contact Information: Provided on shipping documentation with emergency phone number
Emergency Contact: Chemtrec, regional poison control centers, company emergency response line

Hazard Identification

Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral), Acute Toxicity (Inhalation), Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Eye Damage/Irritation, Specific Target Organ Toxicity
GHS Label Elements: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, corrosive symbol
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed; toxic in contact with skin; toxic if inhaled; causes severe skin burns and eye damage; may cause respiratory irritation; highly flammable liquid and vapor
Precautionary Statements: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; wear protective gloves, clothing, eye and face protection; avoid breathing vapors; keep container tightly closed; ground/bond container; use explosion-proof equipment; take action to prevent static discharge
Route of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, eye contact
Emergency Overview: Colorless to light yellow liquid with a strong, pungent odor; harmful upon contact and inhalation; volatile compound requiring strict control of workplace exposure

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Allyl Bromide
Concentration: 98 – 100% by weight
Impurities: Trace levels of moisture, possible stabilizers as indicated by manufacturer
Other Components: No additives reported in standard laboratory-grade product

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately; keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing; seek medical attention without delay; administer artificial respiration if breathing has stopped
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; do not rub affected area; seek medical care for burns or irritation; wash clothing before reuse
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; call a physician promptly
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water only if conscious; do not induce vomiting; seek emergency medical help; keep person at rest
Note to Physicians: Treat symptomatically; monitor for respiratory distress, monitor vital signs, provide supportive care
Most Important Symptoms: Burning sensation, coughing, difficulty breathing, skin and eye irritation, delayed respiratory effects

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide; avoid using water directly on the liquid
Specific Hazards: Vapors may travel and ignite at a distance from the source; combustion releases toxic fumes including hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear; stay upwind of fire; evacuate nonemergency personnel from area
Special Procedures: Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray from as far away as possible; contain contaminated runoff
Flash Point: -3°C (27°F) closed cup
Explosion Limits: Lower Explosive Limit: 2.7%; Upper Explosive Limit: 14.0%

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate all non-essential personnel; ventilate area; avoid contact with skin and eyes; prevent inhalation of vapors; ensure adequate respiratory protection
Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, compatible gloves, lab coat or apron, NIOSH-approved respirator
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, watercourses, and soil
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb spill with inert materials (vermiculite, sand); transfer spilled liquid to a suitable waste container; ventilate area; clean spill site after material pickup
Decontamination: Wash surfaces thoroughly with soap and water after removal of residues; dispose of cleanup materials in accordance with regulations

Handling and Storage

Handling: Handle in a well-ventilated chemical fume hood; avoid all sources of ignition; use spark-proof tools; avoid breathing vapors or mists; prevent contact with incompatible materials like strong bases and oxidizers
Personal Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly before eating, drinking, or smoking; remove and wash contaminated clothing before reuse
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container; keep cool and dry in a chemical storage area; segregate from food and incompatible substances; use containers made from materials resistant to corrosion by bromides
Storage Temperature: Below room temperature, between 2–8°C; protect from sunlight; store in original packaging or appropriately labeled secondary containers
Fire Protection: Equip storage area with proper fire suppression equipment; restrict access to authorized personnel

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 1 ppm (5 mg/m³) as an 8-hour TWA; ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm (inhalable fraction and vapor)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood, explosion-proof equipment
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirator for organic vapors and gases if airborne concentrations exceed limits; emergency self-contained breathing apparatus for large spills
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles or face shield
Hand Protection: Butyl rubber gloves or other chemical-resistant gloves
Skin Protection: Long-sleeved laboratory coat, apron, chemical-resistant boots
Occupational Exposure Monitoring: Conduct regular monitoring of air quality; use detectors where applicable
Other Protection: Eyewash stations and safety showers located nearby; provide training for safe handling

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to light yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, suffocating odor
Odor Threshold: Not determined
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -119°C
Boiling Point: 71°C
Flash Point: -3°C (27°F) closed cup
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Vapor Pressure: 65 mm Hg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.6 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.398 at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (2 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 1.6
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 415°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: Not available

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; rapid decomposition with heat
Reactive Materials: Avoid contact with strong oxidizers, strong bases, metals, alkali metals, or sources of ignition
Hazardous Reactions: May react with moisture, producing corrosive and toxic hydrogen bromide gas
Decomposition Products: Bromine, hydrogen bromide, carbon oxides
Polymerization: May undergo hazardous polymerization at elevated temperature or in the presence of light or air contaminants
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sunlight, air exposure

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 175 mg/kg; inhalation LC50 (rat): 500 ppm/4h
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin, ingestion, eyes
Symptoms: Burning sensation, coughing, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, chest pain, skin and eye burns
Chronic Effects: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause damage to liver, kidneys, and respiratory tract; potential for nerve disorders
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: Positive results in some mutagenicity assays; further studies are ongoing
Sensitization: Not a known sensitizer
Further Information: Detailed studies limited due to chemical reactivity; protection from all routes of exposure essential

Ecological Information

Environmental Fate: Volatile compound, may escape into atmosphere; can hydrolyze in water, producing bromide ions and allyl alcohol
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with lasting effects; aquatic LC50 (for fish): 16 mg/L (96h, Salmo gairdneri)
Persistence and Degradability: Readily volatilizes; moderate persistence in water and soil; possible bioaccumulation at low levels
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile; may leach to groundwater from spills
Other Adverse Effects: Releases toxic brominated compounds during incomplete combustion or hydrolysis; monitor local regulations for discharge control

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of according to local, regional, and national regulations; incinerate in a chemical incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber; do not discharge to sewer
Container Disposal: Triple rinse empty containers with suitable solvent; puncture and surrender to hazardous waste collection
Precautions for Disposal: Keep away from incompatible materials; prevent environmental contamination; handle only by trained personnel
Further Guidance: Consult with licensed waste disposal contractor; record waste stream for regulatory compliance

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 1099
UN Proper Shipping Name: Allyl Bromide
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: I
Labels Required: Toxic, flammable liquid
Special Provisions: Keep away from foodstuffs and feed; secure load against movement during transit
Recommended Transport Method: By ground or ocean freight in approved containers; not suitable for air transport unless permitted under special permit
Emergency Response Guide Number: 151

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed in the Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
DSL/NDSL (Canada): Present
EU Regulations: Classified according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP); REACH registered
SARA Title III: Section 302 Extremely Hazardous: Yes; Section 313 Reportable: Yes
California Proposition 65: Not listed
Other International Inventories: China IECSC, Japan ENCS, Korea ECL: Listed
Workplace Hazards: Subject to OSHA Process Safety Management standard; monitoring and reporting required in workplace settings
Other Considerations: Follow all regional, national, and international requirements for labeling, handling, storage, and transport of hazardous substances