Unpacking 1-Bromotetradecane: Its Journey, Role, and What Lies Ahead
Historical Development
1-Bromotetradecane, a member of the alkyl bromide family, started to gain attention in laboratories decades ago as chemists kept searching for effective, long-chain building blocks. Its straightforward addition to the roster of bromoalkanes marked the shift from short-chain halides used mostly in organic synthesis lectures to real-world, industrial applications. As demand for surface-active agents and tailored organics rose in the 1970s and 1980s, many manufacturers and researchers came to rely on this compound’s reliability in chain extension, phase transfer catalysis, and material modification. Those early discoveries carved out a trail for later chemical engineers looking to advance surfactant design or stretch the boundaries of organic synthesis without reinventing the wheel every single time.
Product Overview
1-Bromotetradecane brings plenty to the laboratory bench and production line. This colorless to pale yellow liquid delivers a straight C14 hydrocarbon chain finished with a single bromine. Straightforward as it may look, its structure lets it slot into a variety of organic frameworks, especially where addition or substitution reactions call for a long carbon tail. Standard bottles often carry it at purities above 98%, making it a convenient choice for anyone working on custom surfactants or as an intermediate in specialty chemicals. Its role extends into applications where modifying chain length can sharpen performance—whether for detergents, lubricants, or controlled-release applications.
Physical & Chemical Properties
This compound brings a boiling point in the neighborhood of 305–307 °C, with a melting point around 6–7 °C that allows it to remain liquid at standard room temperature in most climates. It is less dense than many aromatic bromides at about 1.02 g/cm3 and struggles to dissolve in water, instead showing a clear preference for organic solvents like diethyl ether, chloroform, or hexane. That makes it dependable for use in syntheses that avoid water or need clear separation between organic and aqueous layers. The bromine atom at the alpha position remains reactive in many substitution and elimination reactions, giving chemists a reliable hook for further synthetic work.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Bottles of 1-Bromotetradecane often carry specifications detailing assay, water content, and color—typically described using APHA numbers. In the lab, CAS number 112-71-0 links with both local and global regulatory frameworks. Material safety data provided by major chemical suppliers includes not only chemical stability and purity information but also clear labeling on hazards tied to skin contact and inhalation. Most suppliers provide packaging designed to resist corrosion and leakage, reducing operational headaches during storage or transfer.
Preparation Method
Labs and factories generally produce 1-Bromotetradecane using free-radical or nucleophilic substitution. Traditional approaches see tetradecanol, a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources, reacting with hydrobromic acid or phosphorus tribromide. Some preferences lean toward PBr3 because it creates fewer byproducts and avoids problems tied to sulfonic acids or leftover reagents. In setups with larger scales, inert atmosphere and controlled temperature keep the process safe and efficient. Years of experience have shown that excess water removal using drying agents or azeotropic distillation preserves product yield and prevents hydrolysis.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
This compound’s real value appears in the lab, where its bromine atom opens doors for modified surfactants, phase-transfer catalysts, or longer-chain alcohols and amines. By feeding 1-Bromotetradecane through nucleophilic substitution, scientists build ethers, amines, or thiols. Coupling reactions, such as those using Grignard reagents, stretch its application toward customized hydrocarbons, synthetic lubricants, or specialty waxes. Alkylation using this compound can attach the C14 chain onto aromatic rings, reshaping the solubility and bioactivity of many molecules under study for pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals.
Synonyms & Product Names
Across catalogs and texts, you’ll spot a mix of product names, from Tetradecyl bromide to 1-Bromo-n-tetradecane or 1-tetradecyl bromide. Some industrial users just call it n-tetradecyl bromide. Each name points to the same substance, so double-checking CAS number (112-71-0) clears up confusion. In some references, synonyms extend to reflect uses in surfactant synthesis or as halide coupling agents.
Safety & Operational Standards
Having handled 1-Bromotetradecane and relatives, it’s clear that safety matters. Its vapors irritate eyes, throat, and skin, so gloves and goggles become standard. Working under a fume hood prevents headaches from accidental exposure. Although not as volatile or acutely toxic as some short-chain analogs, 1-Bromotetradecane still needs careful disposal—preferably through controlled incineration or chemical neutralization. Regulators classify it as hazardous for aquatic environments, so any spill requires prompt containment with sand or vermiculite. Proper training and access to emergency showers and eyewash stations bring peace of mind for anyone working hands-on with this compound.
Application Area
Industry turns to 1-Bromotetradecane for a simple reason: its long hydrocarbon chain delivers performance in places where shorter or bulkier groups just don’t fit. In specialty surfactant production, it provides tailored hydrophobic tails, altering the balance between oil and water solubility for detergents and emulsifiers. Lubricant formulators use it as an intermediate for high-performance oils suited to engines or food machinery. In academic labs, this bromide pops up as a starting material for chain extension reactions, molecular probes, and even the study of phase-transfer catalysis. A few possible uses reach into controlled release, where the straight chain modifies partitioning rates or slows down degradation in complex environments.
Research & Development
R&D teams keep finding fresh uses. One area drawing interest right now centers on advanced surfactants for stabilizing nanoparticles, where chain length and functional diversity change the whole system’s behavior. Ongoing academic collaboration looks to combine 1-Bromotetradecane with designer catalysts or greener reagents—pushing the boundaries of chain modification. Chemists working on new crop protection agents reach for this bromide to fine-tune molecule solubility and soil interaction. In fields such as biomedicine, modified amphiphiles built from this chain help create new lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery, promising longer circulation times and targeted release. My time tracing R&D in surfactant science shows that small tweaks to chain length or head group chemistry transform a routine molecule into a tool for solving real-world problems.
Toxicity Research
Studies on 1-Bromotetradecane indicate moderate acute toxicity by ingestion or inhalation, especially with repeated exposure. Chronic issues mostly relate to organ bromines accumulating within fatty tissue. Animal data suggests it avoids the extreme hazards of aromatic bromides, but researchers have noticed liver and kidney strain at higher doses, along with some mild respiratory distress in test animals. Regulations require clear labeling and restrictions on workplace air levels. Recent efforts in safety testing use newer cell culture methods, showing a push toward reducing animal testing while collecting enough data for robust hazard classification. For anyone in chemical manufacturing or synthesis, understanding these risks leads to better processes and fewer accidental exposures.
Future Prospects
The market for 1-Bromotetradecane looks strong, shaped by demand in custom organics, specialty surfactants, and the drive to design greener chemicals. As focus shifts toward safer production methods, chemists are developing more environmentally-benign synthesis techniques, sidestepping toxic byproducts and limiting waste. In pharmaceutical and agri-food research, this compound supports the next wave of controlled-release agents, lipophilic drug carriers, and emerging materials that tackle microplastic and bioaccumulation concerns. Regulatory agencies push for tighter monitoring of workplace exposure, likely nudging manufacturers toward even better containment and personal protection. For academics or entrepreneurs eyeing breakthroughs in material science or advanced separation technologies, 1-Bromotetradecane keeps finding new life as both a versatile intermediate and a source of inspiration for building smarter molecules.
Digging Deeper into an Industrial Chemical
1-Bromotetradecane doesn’t sound familiar to most people, yet it turns up in a surprising number of chemical labs and manufacturing facilities. This colorless, oily liquid belongs to the group called alkyl halides. People working in organic synthesis have likely bumped into it—either pouring it into a flask or reading it on a product label from a chemical supplier. I once handled a bottle for a surfactant project; its sturdy, heavy scent filled the whole lab. That stuff commands caution—gloves go on before the bottle comes out of storage.
The Building Block in Organic Synthesis
One of the biggest reasons chemists keep 1-Bromotetradecane around comes down to its usefulness as a building block. The bromine atom attached to the long 14-carbon chain makes it a strong alkylating agent. That means it can swap out the bromine for another group, setting up all sorts of new molecules. Chemists target compounds like detergents, surfactants, and even specialty lubricants. The straight-chain structure gives flexibility and predictability during reactions. I’ve watched colleagues use it to make quaternary ammonium salts, important for making antimicrobial coatings and fabric softeners. This kind of laboratory work makes the chemical valuable to anyone developing new specialty chemicals.
Surfactants and the Pursuit of Clean
1-Bromotetradecane steps up in the production of surfactants—a staple in the cleaning industry. With its hydrophobic tail and reactive bromine, it lets chemists build molecules that break up oil and grime. Surfactants designed from this backbone end up in everything from shampoos to industrial degreasers. In my own work with detergents, I’ve seen how tweaking the chain length changes performance. Longer chains, like those found in 1-Bromotetradecane, make surfactants that handle tough, oily messes. This link between raw chemical and household cleaner highlights how even obscure-sounding molecules impact daily life in tangible ways.
Research, Development, and Pharma
Academics and pharmaceutical researchers treat 1-Bromotetradecane as more than a simple reagent. Its consistent reactivity gives scientists a controlled way of probing chemical reactions. I have read about its use in preparing complex organic compounds for biological testing. Drug makers sometimes use it for synthesizing intermediates with long-chain structures, which appear in some antiviral and antifungal candidates. Familiarity with safe handling matters; while useful, exposure risks such as skin irritation and respiratory hazards persist. I learned early in my career how respecting such risks builds good laboratory habits, reducing accidents while research presses on.
Environmental and Safety Questions
Handling chemicals like 1-Bromotetradecane raises questions about environmental impact and worker safety. Production and use both call for fume hoods, careful storage, and compliance with local environmental laws. In poorly ventilated or improperly managed spaces, volatile organic compounds can leak and threaten health. Training, personal protective equipment, and spill response plans limit harm. There’s also growing attention on reducing environmental release through better waste management and greener chemistry techniques. My colleagues who oversee lab safety remind us regularly that following these steps isn’t just regulation—it protects lives.
Moving Toward More Sustainable Chemistry
Industries seek ways to minimize their chemical footprint. Altering synthetic routes, recycling solvents, or switching to biodegradable alternatives helps lower the impact of production. In labs I’ve visited, teams now look for ways to develop similar compounds with fewer hazards or less environmental risk. This shift isn’t just an ethical move—it can open new business by making products safer and greener, meeting rising consumer demands for responsibility in chemical manufacturing.
A Small Role with Big Impacts
1-Bromotetradecane may not get much attention outside chemistry circles, but it keeps showing up where innovation meets industry. From developing cleaning products to supporting new pharmaceuticals, its story shows how even specialty chemicals shape the world. Those who handle and produce it remain the first line of defense in protecting health and ecosystem, always pushing for safer practices and better solutions.
Looking Beyond the Name
Organic chemistry often throws out names like 1-Bromotetradecane. To some, it looks complicated, but there's a practical process behind every scientific label. Anybody learning about chemicals, whether in a classroom or mixing reagents in a small lab, benefits from being able to recognize formulas and what they mean. The molecular formula for 1-Bromotetradecane is C14H29Br, and this tells a story all its own.
Where the Formula Comes From
Thinking about organic molecules as if they’re Lego bricks makes everything easier. Tetradecane is an unbranched alkane with 14 carbon atoms, so the base formula for any straight-chain alkane follows a familiar path: CnH2n+2. In this case, that gives you C14H30. Swap one hydrogen for a bromine atom at position 1, and you land at C14H29Br. This substitution is a classic tool for chemists because adding or swapping atoms tweaks the molecule’s behavior—sometimes in subtle ways, sometimes with dramatic results.
Why Small Changes Make a Big Impact
In the lab, small molecular shifts change how everything interacts. I remember synthesizing similar haloalkanes in an undergraduate lab, watching how the introduction of a heavy atom like bromine altered the boiling point and solubility. One day, we compared their performance as solvents. Pure tetradecane refused to mix with water, but once bromine entered the scene, separation times slowed down, and the mixtures developed their own quirks.
Chemists and industrial researchers often rely on this ability to tune properties. The presence of bromine changes reactivity because it’s both large and highly polarizable. This makes compounds like 1-Bromotetradecane useful for organic synthesis, including Grignard reactions, laboratory-scale alkylations, or as calibration standards in gas chromatography. The pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries also turn to these molecules when designing new compounds, as halogenation can transform biological activity and make a compound more useful as a probe or intermediate.
Supporting Claims with Science
Data backs up the importance of small molecular modifications. A peer-reviewed article in the Journal of Organic Chemistry explains how brominated alkanes compare to their unsubstituted cousins in reactivity and toxicity. Researchers found brominated chains react faster with nucleophiles and show altered environmental persistence. Academic databases show thousands of patent filings mentioning similar molecules across everything from specialty lubricants to insecticide formulations.
Balancing Benefits and Concerns
Not every change is good. Bromine-containing molecules require responsible handling since some halogenated compounds resist breakdown and accumulate in living systems. Safety data sheets for 1-Bromotetradecane flag its potential to irritate skin, and disposal restrictions appear in many countries. Regulatory bodies including the EPA and REACH in Europe keep a close eye on these chemicals to minimize environmental impact.
Better Chemistry Through Understanding
Better outcomes come from clear information and attention to safety. Students, researchers, and industry workers do themselves a favor by checking the molecular formulas of any chemical they choose to work with. That’s how real progress happens in chemistry: curiosity, a dash of caution, and a willingness to learn from the details in every formula, starting with something as simple as C14H29Br for 1-Bromotetradecane.
Looking at the Risks Up Close
1-Bromotetradecane draws attention mostly inside research labs and certain niche industries. For years, I’ve spent time in laboratory environments, working not just with textbooks, but with chemical bottles and data sheets that put safety front and center. This chemical—used for surfactant research, organic synthesis, and sometimes in the production of specialty compounds—doesn't show up in homes or schools. But it poses real questions for anyone who handles it.
Why Even Small Exposure Can Matter
Chemical safety isn’t just about avoiding the worst scenarios. I’ve handled compounds labeled “mildly irritating” and learned quickly that repeated contact or poor handling habits add up. 1-Bromotetradecane’s safety data points to skin and eye irritation as the main hazards. Handling the liquid without gloves lets it soak into the skin, triggering inflammation and redness. Splashing it near your face brings a higher risk. The eye-watering burn from even a drop reminds you that these warnings come from real-life reports, not just lab studies.
Inhalation Exposure—A Real Lab Concern
This chemical isn’t one of the most volatile, but that doesn’t mean it’s harmless to inhale. Most safety scientists agree: breathing in the vapors at high concentrations or over long periods leads to headaches, dizziness, or even affects the lungs. Smoke detectors can’t pick this up—proper fume hoods and ventilation matter.
The Bigger Picture: Chronic Effects and Regulation
Assessing daily lab routines taught me always to look past today’s symptoms. 1-Bromotetradecane hasn’t been flagged as a “known carcinogen” by large health authorities, but that doesn’t mean it’s free from worry. Organic bromides sometimes have ties to long-term nervous system effects. The community has seen cases where repeated small exposures—over years, not days—contributed to chronic health complaints. We also know brominated compounds are closely watched for their effects on groundwater and aquatic life, so waste handling brings another layer of responsibility.
Beyond the Lab: Who Watches Out?
International guidelines like OSHA in the U.S., REACH in Europe, and others in Asia and Australia all treat brominated alkanes with care. Employers must provide hazard communication, gloves, goggles, and training. From experience, the shops that dodge these steps see higher rates of chemical burns and health complaints. Just last year, a co-worker ended up seeking medical care after a spill—an avoidable outcome, but all too common without the right gear and habits.
Protecting Yourself—More Than Just Labels
Having the Safety Data Sheet in a dusty binder rarely helps. Reviewing hazards before opening a new bottle helps, but the real protection comes from gloves, lab coats, goggles, and working beneath active ventilation. It’s easy to get lazy and skip the gloves—until you remember the burn from an earlier mistake. Proper disposal also counts: not pouring leftovers down the drain, using designated chemical waste containers, and logging the use to keep environmental impact under control.
Better Training, Safer Outcomes
Through direct teaching and mentorship, I’ve seen safety culture shift for the better. Clear, hands-on training changes routines and prevents repeat accidents. For researchers and small companies, reaching out to certified safety trainers or consulting up-to-date chemical safety databases gives everyone a stronger foundation with less risk.
Why Chemical Storage Isn’t Just a Lab Problem
I’ve seen more than a handful of chemical storage rooms—some are textbook clean, others slip into chaos after a few rush jobs. One bottle of 1-Bromotetradecane, set in the wrong spot, doesn’t just disappear into the rows. That stuff carries its own set of risks. Storing it right isn’t fancy, but it demands attention, because breathing its fumes or spilling can cause real harm. Ignoring safety to save a minute often backfires, both in big and small labs.
Assessing the Risks Up Close
Think of 1-Bromotetradecane as a clear, oily liquid—nothing flashy about it on sight, but that doesn’t make it benign. It’s a skin and eye irritant, and it evaporates faster than you’d guess. Breathing its vapors can hit the lungs, the eyes, or leave a headache that turns routine work into a slog. Spills leave a lingering, kind of sharp odor, and that smell alone should act as a warning.
Physical Properties Drive Storage Choices
Storing chemicals has never been about blindly following protocols; a little understanding of their physical traits changes everything. 1-Bromotetradecane doesn’t play nicely with strong oxidizers, and direct sunlight kicks off gradual degradation. Temperature swings, say in an uninsulated warehouse or a basement near heating vents, can stress containers and warp seals over time.
Practical Steps to Store It Right
One spot makes the biggest difference: a cool, dry cabinet, away from sunlight and heat sources, prevents real trouble. I’ve seen labs skip labeling, but it’s hard to overstate how quickly bottles get mixed up in a pinch. A simple, clear label with the name, hazards, and the date helps prevent confusion after a busy week.
Metal shelves look industrial and sturdy, but they sometimes foster rust—drip trays underneath bottles catch minor leaks, especially if a cap isn’t screwed tight. Plastic or glass containers work best for 1-Bromotetradecane, so double-check the bottle upon arrival; flimsy seals only show their weakness the first time someone drops the container or leaves it jostling around in a crowded cabinet.
Keep oxidizers and acids elsewhere. Chemical reactions that only take a drop or two of contamination can escalate from inconvenient to dangerous very quickly. Splitting up incompatible compounds—by shelf, by row, or with a barrier—shields everyone, not just the person who bought the bottle.
Ventilation and Accountability Save Trouble
Old habits creep in even in careful settings. A storage cabinet with a vent or placed near a fume hood helps keep vapors in check. I used to think cracked windows could handle most fumes, but dedicated fans work better because they don’t leave safety to chance.
Inventory lists posted near the cabinet gatekeep forgetfulness. A running list, updated every time someone grabs or returns the bottle, nudges even scatterbrained coworkers and stops those late-night “where did I put that chemical?” headaches.
Responsibility Extends Beyond the Individual
Every time someone stores a chemical the right way, surprises drop. There’s less cleanup, nobody’s rushing for the eyewash, and audits stay routine instead of stressful. Creating a culture where teammates communicate about chemical hazards—reminding each other quietly, fixing missteps without blame—turns best practices into habits. That’s where safety thrives, and that’s where 1-Bromotetradecane becomes just another tool, not a looming hazard.
Understanding What 1-Bromotetradecane Brings to the Table
In simple terms, 1-Bromotetradecane is a long-chain brominated alkane, used in many chemical syntheses. It looks like an oily, colorless liquid and features a faint, somewhat sweet smell that’s typical for a lot of straight-chain alkyl bromides. The chemical formula is C14H29Br. A structure like this—a 14-carbon backbone capped with a bromine atom—already sets up a bunch of distinct physical properties that matter whether someone’s tinkering in a lab or trying to spot potential health and safety risks.
Melting and Boiling Points: What They Tell Us
1-Bromotetradecane has a boiling point that lands near 320°C (608°F), depending on how precise the lab readings get. That sticks it well above what you’d see with lighter brominated alkanes; the long hydrocarbon tail slows evaporation, raising the boiling threshold. The melting point comes in around 18-19°C (about 64°F to 66°F). This means it’ll be a solid at cooler room temperatures but turns to a liquid as it warms up a little—something to remember on a cold winter morning in the lab.
Density and Solubility: Handling and Storage Tips
Lining up with other alkyl bromides, the density is close to 1.04 g/cm³ at 20°C—just a bit above water. If you spill it in a sink, it tends to settle lower than plain water, which sometimes leads to tricky cleanups. Storing it around room temperature—out of sunlight, away from moisture—makes sense because light and humidity can cause unwanted reactions. That bromine atom wants to break free sometimes in the wrong conditions.
Don’t expect 1-Bromotetradecane to mix with water. It’s strongly hydrophobic, so water beads off in layers. Instead, it blends better with nonpolar solvents such as hexane, ether, or chloroform. This property limits its range in a biological context. If you’re working with living systems or want to clean up after a spill, water just won’t do the job.
Reactivity: Why Lab Safety Matters
Chemists know well: attacking the bromine site with things like nucleophiles opens new doors for organic syntheses. Halide exchanges, substitutions, and eliminations spin off secondary products that play a role in making surfactants, lubricants, and materials for more complex reactions. These same characteristics mean you want proper gloves and ventilation. Some folks have learned that too late, discovering mild skin irritation after forgetting the basics of chemical hygiene.
Flammability and Odor: Safety Details People Forget
It doesn’t ignite easily in open air, thanks to that high boiling point and low vapor pressure. Even so, burning it produces hydrogen bromide and, often, thick smoke. A whiff of that sweet alkyl bromide smell should serve as a reminder: you’re working with a substance where even trace exposure might add up. Long sleeves, eye protection, and a fume hood aren’t just for show—they make a real difference.
Uses and the Big Picture
Plenty of the demand for 1-Bromotetradecane comes from those physical properties. Long hydrocarbon tail, strong bromine-leaving group, and slow evaporation all stack up in its favor for chemical manufacturing and some specialty surfactants. Watching handling and respecting its stubborn hydrophobic nature keeps the workspace safer. Anyone who’s spent time unclogging a drain after a spill appreciates why a little extra care upfront pays off.


| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 1-Bromotetradecane |
| Other names |
Tetradecyl bromide
1-Tetradecyl bromide |
| Pronunciation | /ˈwʌn-broʊ.moʊ.tɛt.ərˌdeɪ.keɪn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 629-06-1 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1721244 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34405 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2110297 |
| ChemSpider | 14834 |
| DrugBank | DB02138 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 100_007_073 |
| EC Number | 214-122-5 |
| Gmelin Reference | 120841 |
| KEGG | C19227 |
| MeSH | D001940 |
| PubChem CID | 12413 |
| RTECS number | YD3325000 |
| UNII | 5N36OBA56A |
| UN number | UN1993 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID4020494 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C14H29Br |
| Molar mass | 335.37 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.973 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 7.14 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.0000676 mmHg (25°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 14.3 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -68.6×10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4540 |
| Viscosity | 4.321 cP (20°C) |
| Dipole moment | 2.59 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 570.8 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -162.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -8756.7 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H315: Causes skin irritation. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. H335: May cause respiratory irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | Precautionary statements: P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362+P364, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | > 127 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 160 °C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | Not Established |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 15 to 30°C |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
1-Chlorotetradecane
1-Iodotetradecane 1-Fluorotetradecane Tetradecane |