Material Safety Data Sheet: 1-Bromopropane

Identification

Chemical Name: 1-Bromopropane
CAS Number: 106-94-5
Synonyms: n-Propyl bromide, nPB
Recommended Use: Solvent for adhesives, cleaning agents, metal degreasing, dry cleaning
Manufacturer: Refer to supplier documentation
Contact Information: Emergency phone information should be readily available on the product label or from the supplier
Product Description: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp odor

Hazard Identification

Hazard Classification: Flammable liquid, Acute toxicity (inhalation, dermal, oral), Serious eye irritation, Central nervous system toxicity
GHS Label Elements: Signal word: Danger; Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark, Health hazard
Hazard Statements: May cause drowsiness or dizziness, harmful by inhalation or skin absorption, suspected of causing cancer, can cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, wear protective gloves, clothing, eye and face protection; keep away from heat and open flames; call a poison center or doctor if feeling unwell

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Identity: 1-Bromopropane
Concentration: 98-100%
Impurities: May contain trace levels of isomers or stabilizers, as indicated by supplier
Common Contaminants: Should be checked before use for possible stabilizer additives or chlorinated hydrocarbons, as such compounds can alter the risk profile

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately. If not breathing normally, provide artificial respiration. Loosen tight clothing. Seek medical attention if symptoms such as dizziness or nausea occur.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. If irritation develops, ask for medical advice.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing until discomfort subsides or for at least 15 minutes. Get medical help if irritation lingers.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth out with water. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Get immediate medical attention.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Avoid using water jet as it can spread the material.
Special Hazards: Generates toxic and corrosive bromide vapors and carbon oxides when burned. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear. Move containers from fire area if it can be done without risk.
Advice for Firefighters: Keep upwind, prevent runoff from entering drains, and cool exposed containers with water spray.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unauthorized personnel. Ensure adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or inhalation of vapors. Put on protective gloves, impermeable clothing, safety goggles, and respirator if needed.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage into drains, surface water, or soil. Notify authorities if a significant release causes pollution.
Containment Methods: Stop the leak if you can do so without risk. Dike area with sand or earth.
Clean-Up Procedures: Absorb with inert material (such as sand or vermiculite). Collect in a suitable labeled container for disposal. Wash area with plenty of water afterward, observing proper waste disposal guidelines.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Handle in areas with proper exhaust ventilation. Avoid breathing vapor or mist. Prevent skin and eye contact by using appropriate protective gear. No eating, drinking, or smoking where this product is handled.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and strong oxidizing agents. Store at temperatures lower than 30°C. Ensure containers are labeled and protected from physical damage. Ground and bond equipment to prevent static discharge.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: OSHA and ACGIH exposure limits for 1-Bromopropane: ACGIH TLV TWA 0.1 ppm.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or general ventilation to maintain air concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves (nitrile or neoprene), chemical safety goggles, lab coat or apron, and approved respirator for high vapor concentrations.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, face, and arms thoroughly after handling, even if gloves were used. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Keep emergency shower and eyewash stations nearby.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Sweet, ether-like
Boiling Point: 71°C
Melting Point: -110°C
Vapor Pressure: 136 mmHg at 25°C
Density: 1.353 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Poorly soluble in water, mixes with many organic solvents
Evaporation Rate: High, compared to butyl acetate
Flash Point: 22°C (closed cup)
Auto-ignition Temperature: 460°C
Vapor Density: 4.3 (air=1)

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Typically remains stable under recommended storage conditions. Can degrade slowly in presence of moisture or strong light.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, direct sunlight, moisture, and incompatible substances.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, alkali metals, powdered aluminum, strong bases.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, bromine, carbon oxides, possibly small amounts of phosgene during combustion.
Polymerization: Unlikely under normal handling and storage.

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Drowsiness, headaches, dizziness, numbness, respiratory tract irritation, nausea
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure can lead to nervous system damage, reproductive harm, potential carcinogenic effects.
LD50 (oral-rat): 2,520 mg/kg
LC50 (inhalation-rat): 12,900 mg/m³ (4 hours)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause mild to moderate irritation
Sensitization: Not a known sensitizer
Carcinogenicity: Classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC Group 2B)
Other Data: Occupational exposure studies indicate increased neurological symptoms among exposed workers.

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, can cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment.
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent, does not rapidly degrade in soil or water.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic species.
Mobility in Soil: Moderate; significant vertical migration through soil is possible.
Other Adverse Effects: Brominated byproducts may pose additional long-term risks to the environment. Avoid discharge into waters or sewer systems.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate in a chemical incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber compliant with local, regional, and national regulations.
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers thoroughly, then dispose as hazardous waste.
Environmental Precautions: Do not allow product to enter sewers, surface waters, or groundwater. Coordinate with reputable hazardous waste disposal services for proper handling.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN2344
Proper Shipping Name: 1-Bromopropane
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions for Transport: Keep containers tightly closed and secured. Follow all regulations for hazardous material transport by road, sea, or air. Documentation should include shipping name, hazard class, and emergency contact.

Regulatory Information

OSHA Status: Regulated as a hazardous chemical.
TSCA Inventory: Listed.
SARA 313: Subject to reporting requirements at certain thresholds.
RCRA Status: Considered hazardous waste when discarded.
California Proposition 65: Listed as a chemical known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity.
IARC Status: Classified as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans).
Other Regulations: National, regional, and local restrictions may apply based on use case and volume handled. Always check the latest regulatory information before import, storage, or use.