Material Safety Data Sheet for 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane

Identification

Product Name: 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
Synonyms: 3-Chloropropyl Bromide
CAS Number: 109-70-6
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagents, intermediate for synthesis
Manufacturers and Suppliers: Major chemical distributors, laboratory supply companies
Emergency Contact: ChemTrec: 1-800-424-9300

Hazard Identification

Hazard Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, skin, inhalation), Skin irritation, Eye irritation, Specific target organ toxicity
Label Elements: Signal word: Danger, Skull and crossbones pictogram, Exclamation mark pictogram
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, Harmful in contact with skin, Harmful if inhaled, Causes skin irritation, Causes serious eye irritation, May cause central nervous system depression
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, Use protective gloves, Wear eye protection, Wash thoroughly after handling, Store locked up, Dispose of contents in accordance with local regulations

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
CAS Number: 109-70-6
Concentration: ≥98% pure
Impurities: Trace amounts of related halogenated propanes or byproducts possible from synthesis; typical impurities below 1%

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep comfortable, seek immediate medical attention if symptoms persist, such as coughing, dizziness, or breathing difficulty.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with water and soap for fifteen minutes, seek medical advice if irritation occurs or persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing and consult medical professional for further care.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, give water if conscious, get urgent medical help due to risk of chemical-induced central nervous system effects.
Most Important Symptoms/Effects, Acute and Delayed: Redness, irritation of skin/eyes, headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal upset, effects on the nervous system possible after significant exposure.
Medical Attention and Special Treatment Needed: Symptomatic care, possible observation for respiratory depression or chemical pneumonitis after high exposure.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, alcohol-resistant foam.
Unsuitable Media: Direct jet of water may spread fire.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, other toxic halogen gases.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full chemical-resistant gear.
Special Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, containers may rupture from heat, runoff can cause environmental harm.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, eliminate all ignition sources, wear respirator, chemical goggles, protective clothing and gloves.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, sewers, and natural waters, inform local authorities if significant spill occurs.
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb with non-combustible absorbent such as sand or vermiculite, place in labeled chemical waste container, use tools to minimize spreading, clean area with plenty of water and detergent.
Emergency Procedures: Restrict access until cleanup is complete, establish decontamination zone.

Handling and Storage

Precautions for Safe Handling: Handle in a chemical fume hood with adequate ventilation, avoid contact with skin and eyes, avoid inhalation of vapors or mist, keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame, use spark-proof tools.
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place in tightly closed original container, segregate from oxidizers and incompatible materials such as strong bases, acids, and amines, protect from sunlight.
Incompatibilities: Avoid storing with alkali metals, aluminum, strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
Packaging Materials: Use approved, leak-proof containers resistant to halogenated solvents.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits established; minimize exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Engineering Controls: Mechanical exhaust ventilation, safety shower/eyewash nearby, local exhaust.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Nitrile or neoprene gloves, splash goggles, lab coat or apron, organic vapor respirator if airborne exposure is possible or in case of spill.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after use, do not eat, drink, or smoke during handling, remove contaminated clothing before leaving the work area.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Sweet, ether-like
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -70°C
Boiling Point/Range: 142°C
Flash Point: 50°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not established
Flammability: Combustible
Explosive Properties: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air
Vapor Pressure: 6 mm Hg @ 25°C
Vapor Density: 5.0 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.57 (water = 1)
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble
Solubility in Solvents: Soluble in alcohols, ethers, chloroform
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 2.04
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: 1.3 mPa.s at 20°C

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, strong bases, alkali metals
Possible Hazardous Reactions: Exothermic reactions with incompatible materials, decomposes on heating producing toxic gases
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames, sources of ignition, exposure to strong light
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, brominated and chlorinated organic compounds.

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~570 mg/kg, Dermal LD50 (rabbit): not available, Inhalation LC50 (rat): not available
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious eye irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Not classified as sensitizer
Germ Cell Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Not evaluated for carcinogenic effects in humans, not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Reproductive Toxicity: Not available
Specific Target Organ Toxicity: May cause drowsiness and dizziness
Other Effects: Central nervous system depression in high exposures, aspiration hazard if swallowed, potential for liver and kidney effects after repeated exposure.

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects, can accumulate in water systems
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent, not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulative Potential: Has moderate potential for bioaccumulation with log Kow value above 2
Mobility in Soil: Can migrate through soil to groundwater, slightly volatile
Other Adverse Effects: Possible ozone depletion potential, improper release may impact aquatic organisms and soil microflora, toxicity amplified in closed aquatic environments.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Do not dispose of in regular trash or down the drain, collect and dispose as hazardous chemical waste, incinerate in a licensed facility with proper emission controls
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers hold residue and should be treated with same caution as product, triple rinse before disposal, comply with local landfill and recycling protocols
Special Precautions: Contractor experienced in hazardous chemical disposal required, follow state and local regulations regarding halogenated organic wastes
Disposal Regulations: U.S. EPA RCRA waste code for halogenated solvents may apply, check federal, state, and local requirements.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN2688
UN Proper Shipping Name: 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Labels Required: Toxic, marine pollutant if transported by water
Special Precautions: Secure containers upright, protect from physical damage and temperature extremes, follow guidelines for transport of toxic, environmentally hazardous substances
Transport by Air (IATA): Same UN and hazard class, ensure notification for toxic substances
Marine Pollutant Status: Classified as marine pollutant

Regulatory Information

U.S. Regulations: TSCA listed, subject to hazard communication and workplace safety standards, SARA 302/313 may apply due to halogenated content
EU Regulations: CLP Regulation applies, classified as toxic and irritant, subject to REACH registration
Other International Regulations: Covered by GHS classification for acute toxicity, requires proper labeling, transport, and disposal protocols in line with local and international law
Safety, Health, and Environmental Regulations: Listed in most jurisdictions as a hazardous substance, worker and environmental protections outlined by OSHA, EPA, and comparable international agencies.