Material Safety Data Sheet: 1-Bromo-2-Methylpropane

1. Identification

Product Name: 1-Bromo-2-Methylpropane
Chemical Formula: C4H9Br
Synonyms: 2-Bromoisobutane, Isobutyl bromide
CAS Number: 78-77-3
Recommended Use: Industrial chemical synthesis, laboratory reagent
Manufacturer Contact: Emergency telephone, manufacturing facility address, technical support line
Supplier: Chemical wholesaler details

2. Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity oral (Category 4), Acute toxicity inhalation (Category 4), Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure, Category 3)
Pictogram: Flame, exclamation mark
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed, flammable liquid and vapor, may cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, use protective gloves and eye protection, keep away from heat and open flames, in case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation causes coughing, headaches, dizziness; skin exposure leads to irritation or redness; eye contact results in redness and tearing; swallowing may upset gastrointestinal tract

3. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Identity: 1-Bromo-2-Methylpropane
Concentration: Greater than 99%
CAS Number: 78-77-3
Impurities/additives: Small trace levels of related bromoalkanes or hydrocarbon residues

4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, monitor for respiratory distress, seek medical help if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Immediately wash with generous water and soap, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical advice for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse either eye gently with water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids periodically, get prompt medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, never induce vomiting, seek immediate medical care
General Guidance: Do not administer anything by mouth to an unconscious person

5. Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Strong water jets
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen bromide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, toxic fumes
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
Fire Hazards: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air, combustion may produce highly toxic gases

6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, avoid contact with skin, wear suitable PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry to drains, sewers, waterways; alert authorities in case of large spill
Methods for Clean-Up: Use inert absorbent material (sand or vermiculite), collect into secure container, properly ventilate area, ensure all ignition sources are removed
Decontamination: Wash spill site after clean-up to remove residues

7. Handling and Storage

Safe Handling Practices: Avoid inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact; handle under chemical fume hood; keep away from ignition sources
Storage Conditions: Store at room temperature in cool, well-ventilated space, tightly sealed containers away from light and incompatible chemicals
Incompatibilities: Strong bases, oxidizers, and acids; store away from food and beverages
Container Requirements: Chemical-resistant containers labeled with hazard details

8. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Chemical fume hoods, local exhaust ventilation, emergency eye-wash stations, safety showers nearby
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shield resistant to chemicals
Skin Protection: Protective lab coats, chemical resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene)
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirator if ventilation inadequate
Work Practices: No eating or drinking in area, wash hands after handling, remove contaminated clothing
Exposure Limits: No established ACGIH TLV or OSHA PEL; minimize exposure as much as practical

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Sharp, ether-like
Odor Threshold: Not determined
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -112°C
Boiling Point: 91-92°C
Flash Point: 10°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Upper/Lower Flammability Limits: Not determined
Vapor Pressure: 145 hPa at 20°C
Vapor Density: 4.7 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.169 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Insoluble
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Log Kow estimated at 2.6
Autoignition Temperature: 490°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: Not available

10. Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under standard conditions if tightly sealed
Reactivity: Vapors may react violently with oxidizing agents, strong bases can cause decomposition
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, flames, static discharge, sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, strong bases, acids
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

11. Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin, eye, ingestion
Toxicity Data: LD50 oral (rat): ~1550 mg/kg, LD50 dermal (rabbit): not available, LC50 inhalation (rat): 10,000 mg/m³/2hr
Acute Effects: Causes irritation to respiratory tract, digestive tract, eyes, and skin
Chronic Effects: Frequent exposure may cause central nervous system depression; no long-term carcinogenicity data found
Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Aspiration Hazard: Not classified as an aspiration hazard

12. Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life, acute toxicity possible for fish and invertebrates
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate persistence, slowly biodegradable; expected to partition primarily to air due to volatility
Bioaccumulative Potential: Potential to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Limited mobility, high volatility may result in atmospheric release
Other Adverse Effects: No data on ozone depletion or other indirect environmental impacts

13. Disposal Considerations

Disposal Methods: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations; incinerate in chemical incinerator with afterburner and scrubber
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and offer for recycling or proper landfill disposal
Special Precautions: Do not dump into surface water, drains, or natural environment
RCRA Waste Codes: Not specifically listed but treat as hazardous chemical waste

14. Transport Information

UN Number: UN2342
UN Proper Shipping Name: 1-Bromo-2-Methylpropane
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as marine pollutant
Special Precautions: Keep containers tightly sealed, use spill proof packaging
Transport Labels: Flammable liquid symbol

15. Regulatory Information

OSHA Status: Hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III (Sections 311/312): Immediate health, fire hazard
SARA Title III (Section 313): Not subject
DSL (Canada): Listed
California Proposition 65: Not currently listed as a carcinogen or reproductive toxin
Other International Inventories: Present on Europe EINECS/REACH, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS, Korea ECL