Material Safety Data Sheet for 1,5-Dibromopentane

Identification

Product Name: 1,5-Dibromopentane
Synonyms: Pentamethylene dibromide, Pentane-1,5-dibromide
CAS Number: 111-24-0
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, chemical synthesis intermediate
Supplier: Identified on shipping label or invoice
Contact Information: Emergency phone number typically listed on accompanying documentation
Chemical Family: Alkyl halide
Molecular Formula: C5H10Br2
Molecular Weight: 229.94 g/mol

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 2)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Toxic to aquatic life.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors, or spray. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Avoid release to the environment. Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye or face protection.
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Environment hazard

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1,5-Dibromopentane
Concentration: ≥ 98% (purity may vary based on supplier specification)
Impurities: May contain small amounts of related brominated hydrocarbons, unreacted pentane derivatives, or stabilizers as stated by supplier

First Aid Measures

General Advice: Move the affected person away from source to a safe area. Remove contaminated clothing immediately and launder before reuse. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms persist.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Keep person at rest in a semi-upright posture. Seek medical help if coughing, throat irritation, or dizziness continue.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with soap and large quantities of water for at least fifteen minutes. If irritation continues, obtain medical advice.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, keeping eyelids apart. Remove contact lenses if easy and continue rinsing. Get medical attention if pain, irritation, or blurring persist.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by a medical professional. Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the chemical.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Avoid using water directly on the burning product.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Strong water jets may spread the flames or cause hazardous runoff.
Specific Hazards: Decomposition during combustion releases hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic vapors. Containers may rupture from pressure buildup.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full turnout gear, and avoid skin contact.
Advice for Firefighters: Isolate the area. Cool exposed containers with water fog. Prevent runoff entering drains or waterways.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Wear protective gloves, safety goggles, and impervious clothing. Avoid breathing vapors. Remove ignition sources.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, sewers, or streams. Alert environmental authorities if a large spill occurs.
Methods for Containment and Cleanup: Absorb spilled material using sand, inert absorbers, or vermiculite. Place residues in clearly labeled sealed containers for disposal. Ventilate enclosed spaces. Decontaminate spill sites with soap and water before reopening to general use. Wash equipment and hands thoroughly following clean-up.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Handle only in well-ventilated areas. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Use minimal quantities needed for the job. Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling. Wear suitable chemical-resistant PPE. Use explosion-proof equipment and non-sparking tools.
Storage: Store inside a tightly closed, clearly labeled container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated, and secure area. Keep away from heat, open flames, or strong oxidizers. Separate from direct sunlight, acids, and incompatible chemicals. Limit access to authorized personnel. Inspect containers regularly for leakage or damage.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hoods and local exhaust ventilation in handling and storage areas. Implement closed systems and isolation where practical.
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits specifically for 1,5-dibromopentane; handle as a potentially harmful alkyl halide.
Personal Protection Equipment: Wear chemical splash goggles, a face shield, gloves made from nitrile rubber or neoprene, and a chemical-resistant lab coat. If exposure is significant, use a suitable respirator with organic vapor cartridges. Wash hands after handling. Remove and clean all contaminated clothing before reuse. Provide an eye wash station and emergency safety shower in the working area.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Slight, sweet, brominated hydrocarbon odor
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous liquid)
Melting Point: About -33°C
Boiling Point: Between 222°C and 224°C
Flash Point: Approximately 95°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slow (relative to water)
Flammability: Not easily flammable under normal conditions
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Vapor Density: Greater than air
Relative Density: About 1.68 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Insoluble, forms separate phase
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Data not widely available, but indicates moderate mobility in environmental media
Autoignition Temperature: Not well defined
Decomposition Temperature: Above 250°C releases hazardous gases
Viscosity: Moderate at room temperature

Stability and Reactivity

Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage and handling conditions. Extended exposure to air, light, or elevated temperatures promotes slow decomposition.
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts exothermically with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, and certain metals in powder form.
Decomposition Products: Yields bromide fumes, hydrogen bromide, possible carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on burning or decomposition.
Conditions to Avoid: Keep away from heat, flames, sources of ignition, and strong acids or bases to prevent hazardous reactions.

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Skin irritation, eye redness, respiratory discomfort, possible dizziness or nausea from inhalation
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact may cause dermatitis or more severe skin damage; evidence for carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity remains insufficient in public data
Toxicological Data: Acute oral LD50 in rats: estimated above 1000 mg/kg (moderate toxicity); acute dermal LD50 in rabbits: above 2000 mg/kg
Symptoms: Irritation, coughing, headache, and skin redness
Additional Information: No official IARC, NTP, or OSHA listings. Standard precautions needed for all alkyl bromides.

Ecological Information

Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful or toxic to aquatic organisms; acute toxicity to fish and invertebrates can result at low concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Persists under normal environmental conditions and displays limited biodegradability
Potential for Bioaccumulation: Moderate, based on chemical structure and water insolubility
Mobility in Soil: May migrate through soil slowly due to low solubility and moderate volatility
Other Adverse Effects: May disrupt microbial activity in soil or water environments; avoid environmental release

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Collect and contain all product waste in clearly labeled, sealed chemical waste containers. Do not flush to drain, soil, or waterway. Arrange for disposal through licensed hazardous waste management contractors.
Contaminated Packaging: Triple-rinse empty containers and dispose of as chemical waste. Remove all labels and warnings on empty packaging.
Legal Requirements: Adhere to local, regional, and national laws regulating chemical waste disposal and environmental protection.

Transport Information

UN Number: 2810
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic liquid, organic, n.o.s. (contains 1,5-Dibromopentane)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: May be toxic to aquatic environments during transport.
Transport Label: Toxic Substance, Environmentally Hazardous Substance
Special Precautions: Secure containers upright. Prevent leaks or spills. Avoid transport with incompatible chemicals. Comply with regulations for road, rail, sea, and air transport.

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act database
DSL/NDSL (Canada): Included in the Domestic Substances List
REACH (EU): Registration or notification may apply for import/use in Europe
OSHA Hazard Communication: Considered hazardous based on criteria for skin/eye irritation and environmental toxicity
Right to Know: Listed as hazardous on state, federal, and international chemical hazard inventories
Other Regulations: Included in workplace safety, pollution control, and chemical handling statutes in various countries; refer to current safety legislation for compliance specifics.