1,3-Dichloropropane Material Safety Data Sheet

Identification

Product Name: 1,3-Dichloropropane
CAS Number: 142-28-9
Synonyms: Propane, 1,3-dichloro-
Recommended Use: Laboratory research, intermediate in organic synthesis
Manufacturer: Supply chain may vary regionally, always consult packaging
Emergency Contact: Refer to supplier details, typically available on the delivered documentation

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Acute toxicity oral/inhalation/dermal (Category 4), Carcinogenic potential not fully investigated
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation, may cause respiratory tract irritation, harmful if swallowed, harmful if inhaled, flammable liquid and vapor
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Use in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing vapors. Wash skin thoroughly after handling. If in eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1,3-Dichloropropane
Concentration: >98%
Impurities: Trace amounts of related dichlorinated propanes, water as residual solvent (typically below 0.5%)
Molecular Formula: C3H6Cl2
Molecular Weight: 112.99 g/mol

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately, loosen tight clothing, administer oxygen if breathing becomes difficult, get medical attention for persistent symptoms
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes, rinse skin with plenty of running water, use soap if available, seek medical advice for irritation or persistent effects
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously in water for several minutes, remove any contact lenses if present and easy to remove, flood eye thoroughly and seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth but do not induce vomiting, only provide water if individual is conscious, seek urgent medical care
Personal Protection for Responders: Use nitrile gloves and chemical splash goggles, avoid direct contact

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Avoid high pressure water streams that may spread the product
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, combustion may generate toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases
Firefighting Protective Equipment: Full firefighting turn-out gear with self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice for Firefighters: Evacuate personnel, keep run-off out of water sources and sewers, use fog nozzles to cool containers at risk of heating

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Isolate spill area, stay upwind, use proper PPE including gloves, goggles, and respirator designed for organic vapors
Environmental Precautions: Prevent from entering yes waterways, soil, or drains, dike to contain spill
Methods for Containment and Cleaning Up: Absorb with inert material such as dry sand or earth, transfer to container for disposal, ventilate area thoroughly, follow up with decontamination using detergent
Reporting Requirements: Report major spills to local environmental authorities if hazardous thresholds are exceeded

Handling and Storage

Handling: Use local exhaust ventilation, ground and bond containers when transferring, keep away from heat, static discharge, open flames, or sparks
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated area, keep away from incompatible substances notably strong oxidizers, acids, and alkalis, store outside direct sunlight, post “Flammable” warning signs
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly before eating, drinking, or smoking, do not allow eating or drinking in handling areas

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: ACGIH and OSHA have not established OELs for 1,3-dichloropropane; use good laboratory hygiene practices
Engineering Controls: Employ chemical fume hood or local exhaust ventilation
Personal Protective Equipment: Wear chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile), safety goggles or face shield, flame-resistant lab coat, chemical-resistant apron if significant splash risk, use cartridge respirator for organic vapors in poorly ventilated spaces
Environmental Controls: Minimize emissions to air and runoff to drains, consider activated carbon filtration for vented exhaust

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Mild chlorinated hydrocarbon
Odor Threshold: Low, but specific data sparse
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: About -80°C
Boiling Point/Range: Around 120°C
Flash Point: 33°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Faster than water, vapor pressure of about 24 mmHg at 25°C
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: Lower: 4.8%, Upper: 14% (estimated)
Vapor Pressure: 24 mm Hg at 25°C
Vapor Density: Heavier than air (calculated 3.9, air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.19 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Slight, less than 1 g/L
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): log Kow 2.0-2.4
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 488°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not well defined, decomposes above boiling
Viscosity: Low to moderate

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, alkali metals, strong acids and bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide on burning
Reactivity: Can react with strong nucleophiles causing chlorination/substitution, heated vapors can form flammable mixtures
Polymerization: Not anticipated under normal conditions

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Estimated oral LD50 (rat) approximately 827 mg/kg; inhalation LC50 (rat) data varies, common values in the 3000-4600 mg/m³ range (4 hours exposure)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Skin irritant, repeated contact increases risk
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes moderate to strong eye irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Evidence for sensitization is limited; not a known sensitizer
Chronic Toxicity: Not extensively studied, potential for liver and kidney effects in repeated studies with related halogenated propanes
Carcinogenicity: Not classified by IARC; mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data remain incomplete
Other Effects: Symptoms include dizziness, headache, nausea, and drowsiness after exposure to vapors

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life, LC50 (fish) ranges 25-70 mg/L (96h); harmful to aquatic invertebrates
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable, slow breakdown under environmental conditions
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate tendency, log Kow between 2.0-2.4
Mobility in Soil: Moderate, not strongly adsorbed to soil particles, leaching may reach groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: No evidence of significant impact on ozone layer; avoid release to waterways or sewers

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous chemical waste, incineration in licensed chemical incinerators preferred, follow local and national regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Containers must be treated as hazardous waste, triple rinse, and deliver to specialized disposal centers
Special Precautions: Never dump into drains, watercourses, or uncontrolled locations

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 1992
UN Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquid, toxic, n.o.s. (contains 1,3-dichloropropane)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids) and 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions for Transport: Secure tightly, protect containers from mechanical damage and excessive heat, carriers require hazardous material endorsements, relevant labeling and placarding on all packages and vehicles

Regulatory Information

Occupational Health and Safety: OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) lists 1,3-dichloropropane as hazardous
EPA Regulations: Not specifically listed as a priority pollutant, but control measures apply under Clean Water Act due to toxicity
TSCA Status: Listed in US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA Title III: Not specifically subject to threshold planning quantities, overview of state-level chemical lists needed
EU Regulation: Subject to REACH restrictions, classified as hazardous for classification, labeling, and packaging
Other Country Regulations: Often listed in national hazardous chemical inventories, local environmental protection statutes may mandate notification for significant spills or releases