Material Safety Data Sheet: 1,3-Dibromobenzene

Identification

Chemical Name: 1,3-Dibromobenzene
Common Names: m-Dibromobenzene
CAS Number: 108-36-1
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, chemical synthesis
Supplier Information: Chemical manufacturers, research facilities, industrial suppliers typically provide this substance with necessary hazard communication.
Emergency Contact: National Poison Control Center, local fire department, or health and safety office.

Hazard Identification

Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation), skin irritation, eye irritation, specific target organ toxicity
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation mark, health hazard symbol
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. May cause skin and eye irritation.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or vapors. Wash exposed area thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection.
Potential Health Effects: Irritation to eyes, skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract after exposure.
NFPA Ratings: Health 2, Fire 1, Reactivity 0
Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, skin and eye contact, inhalation.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Substance: 1,3-Dibromobenzene
Purity: Typically above 97%
Impurities: Trace amount of related halogenated benzenes
CAS Number: 108-36-1
EC Number: 203-576-6

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately. If breathing becomes difficult, supply oxygen and seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Consult a doctor if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids apart. Seek medical assistance.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Seek immediate medical attention.
Most Important Symptoms: Burning sensation, coughing, shortness of breath, redness, discomfort in eyes or skin.
Notes for Doctor: Treat symptoms. Show this safety data sheet to attending physician.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not use high-pressure water streams directly.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen bromide gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, other toxic gases.
Firefighting Procedures: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus. Move containers from fire area if safe to do so. Cool containers with water mist to prevent explosion.
Other Hazards During Fire: Toxic vapors may accumulate in confined or poorly ventilated spaces.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Restrict access to spill area. Use personal protective equipment including gloves, mask, and eye protection.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from entering drains or waterways. Notify authorities in case of significant environmental contamination.
Cleanup Methods: Absorb spill onto inert material such as sand or vermiculite. Use antistatic, spark-proof tools and collect for disposal in appropriate container. Wash area with soapy water after material removal.
Other Protective Measures: Ventilate area. Avoid dust formation. Do not touch spilled material without protective equipment.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Work in a well-ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood. Avoid direct contact with the substance and inhalation of dust, vapors, or spray. Wear suitable protective clothing and equipment. Keep away from open flames or sources of ignition.
Storage: Store in tightly sealed container, away from heat and direct sunlight, in a cool, dry location. Protect from incompatible chemicals such as strong oxidizers. Use secondary containment to guard against leaks.
Other Handling Practices: Keep product away from food, beverages, and animal feed. Wash hands thoroughly after use. Store separate from acids and bases.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limit Values: No occupational exposure limits established for 1,3-dibromobenzene. Monitor air quality in enclosed spaces.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hood, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to reduce airborne concentrations.
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles or safety glasses approved for chemical handling.
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, butyl rubber), long-sleeved lab coat, closed-toe shoes.
Respiratory Protection: Approved respirator if ventilation insufficient or if exposure levels exceed acceptable limits.
Other Protective Equipment: Emergency eye wash station and safety shower in the vicinity of use.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Odor: Aromatic, characteristic benzene-like odor
Melting Point: 86 - 88°C
Boiling Point: 220°C
Flash Point: 95°C (closely measured, closed cup)
Density: 2.08 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and chloroform
Vapor Pressure: 0.07 mmHg at 25°C
Partition Coefficient (Log Kow): 3.85
Autoignition Temperature: 525°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not precisely documented, thermal decomposition releases toxic fumes.

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperature and storage conditions.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: No hazardous polymerization anticipated. Reacts with strong oxidizers.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, incompatible materials.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, other halogenated compounds.

Toxicological Information

Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~2000 mg/kg. Data for inhalation and dermal effects are limited.
Chronic Toxicity: No clear evidence of chronic toxicity in humans, but experimental data in animals suggest possible organ effects after prolonged exposure.
Skin Irritation: Moderate skin irritant based on animal studies.
Eye Irritation: Causes irritation and redness.
Respiratory System: Inhalation of dust or vapors can cause coughing, difficulty breathing.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA.
Mutagenicity/Teratogenicity: No conclusive data. Handle with care to minimize all potential risks.
Other Information: Symptoms of overexposure include headaches, nausea, dizziness.

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms based on structural analogues and limited available data.
Persistence and Degradability: Not rapidly biodegradable in the environment. May persist in soil and water.
Bioaccumulation: Potential for bioaccumulation exists due to high log Kow.
Mobility in Soil: Limited mobility anticipated; strong adsorption to soil particles.
Other Adverse Effects: Toxic to fish, algae, and invertebrates. Monitor local regulations for environmental release.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Collect and contain waste material for disposal by a licensed chemical waste contractor.
Disposal of Containers: Rinse and dispose of empty containers as hazardous waste. Do not reuse or release to the environment.
Incineration: Recommended over landfill for organic halogens; ensure incinerator has scrubbing technology for acid gases.
Regulations: Follow Federal, State or local environmental control regulations for disposal.
Other Disposal Practices: Check waste codes and hazard categorization before off-site disposal.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 3077
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (contains 1,3-dibromobenzene)
Transport Hazard Class: 9, Miscellaneous
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant
Transport Labels: Class 9 label, marine pollutant mark
Other Information: Follow transportation guidelines for hazardous materials by road (ADR), air (IATA), and sea (IMDG). Keep detailed documentation available during shipment.

Regulatory Information

EU Regulations: Listed under EC Inventory; subject to REACH obligations
U.S. Regulations: TSCA inventory listing; may require reporting under SARA Title III regulations for certain quantities
Canada: Present on DSL/NDSL lists
Other Regulations: Observe all national and local safety laws. Personal protective equipment requirements and spill reporting thresholds may vary by region.
Special Notes: Users should consult national chemical inventory databases and occupational safety agencies for specific compliance requirements relevant to the region of use.